simple step-by-step guide to host WordPress website using Docker:

1. Install Docker & Docker Compose

If not already installed:

sudo apt install docker.io docker-compose -y
sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker

2. Create a Project Directory

mkdir Docker-wordpress && cd Docker-wordpress

3. Create docker-compose.yml

Make a file called docker-compose.yml:

version: "3.9"

services:
  wordpress:
    image: wordpress:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db
      WORDPRESS_DB_USER: janak
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: janak0ff
      WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: janak
    volumes:
      - ./wordpress_data:/var/www/html

  db:
    image: mariadb:latest
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: janak0ff
      MYSQL_DATABASE: janak
      MYSQL_USER: janak
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: janak0ff
    volumes:
      - ./db_data:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  wordpress_data:
  db_data:

4. Start Containers

docker-compose up -d

5. Access WordPress

Open in browser:

http://192.168.63.132:8080

Hosting it with Apache Web Server

Apache HTTP Server is one of the most widely used open-source web servers. It allows you to host websites and applications, handle multiple domains on a single server, and even act as a reverse proxy to route traffic to backend applications running on different ports.

When you install Apache on a server, it listens on specific ports (by default, port 80 for HTTP and 443 for HTTPS). Apache uses Virtual Hosts to serve different websites or applications depending on the domain name or port.

There are two main types of web hosting with Apache:

1. Direct Hosting (Static/Dynamic Files)

   • Apache directly serves HTML, PHP, CSS, and JavaScript files from a directory.
   • Example: A WordPress site hosted in /var/www/html/.

2. Reverse Proxy Hosting

   • Apache doesn’t serve the app directly. Instead, it forwards incoming requests to a backend service running on another port (e.g., Node.js on 3000, Python Flask on 5000, or WordPress on 8080).
   • This is useful when your application runs on its own port but you want users to access it via a domain name.

1. Install Apache

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install apache2 -y

2. Enable Required Apache Modules For reverse proxy hosting:

   sudo a2enmod proxy
   sudo a2enmod proxy_http
   sudo a2enmod headers
   sudo systemctl restart apache2

3. Create a VirtualHost Configuration Example: /etc/apache2/sites-available/wp.conf

   <VirtualHost *:80>
       ServerName wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np
   
       ProxyPreserveHost On
       ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8080/
       ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8080/
   
       ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wp-error.log
       CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wp-access.log combined
   </VirtualHost>

• <VirtualHost *:80> Tells Apache to listen on port 80 (HTTP) for all incoming connections.

• ServerName wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np Defines the domain name this configuration will respond to.

• ProxyPreserveHost On Keeps the original Host header from the client request, ensuring backend apps see the real domain name.

• ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8080/ Forwards all requests from the root (/) to the backend running on 127.0.0.1:8080.

• ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8080/ Ensures that responses from the backend are correctly rewritten so that redirects and links point to the public domain instead of 127.0.0.1:8080.

• ErrorLog and CustomLog Store error messages and access logs separately for this site, making debugging easier.

4. Enable the Site and Reload Apache

   sudo a2ensite wp.conf
   sudo systemctl reload apache2

5. Point Your Domain to the Server In your DNS settings, create an A record for wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np pointing to your server’s public IP.

6. Access Your Application Now your app running internally on http://127.0.0.1:8080/ will be accessible via:

   http://wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np/

Enabling HTTPS with Let’s Encrypt SSL in Apache

Let’s Encrypt is a free, automated, and open Certificate Authority (CA) that provides SSL/TLS certificates to enable HTTPS. Combined with Certbot, we can easily install and configure SSL for our Apache-hosted site.

Steps to Enable SSL on Apache

1. Install Certbot and Apache Plugin

On Debian/Ubuntu:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y

2. Run Certbot for Your Domain

Use Certbot to automatically fetch and configure an SSL certificate:

sudo certbot --apache -d wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np

• --apache → tells Certbot to integrate directly with Apache.
• -d → specifies your domain name (make sure DNS is pointing to your server).

During the process, Certbot will:

• Verify your domain with Let’s Encrypt.
• Install the SSL certificate.
• Update your Apache VirtualHost configuration to listen on port 443.
• Ask if you want to redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS (choose Yes).

3. Test the SSL Setup

Once finished, open:

https://wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np/

4. Auto-Renewal (Important!)

Let’s Encrypt certificates are valid for 90 days. Certbot automatically creates a cron job for renewal. You can test it with:

sudo certbot renew --dry-run

What Happens Behind the Scenes

After running Certbot, Apache will have a new VirtualHost block for HTTPS in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/wp-le-ssl.conf, similar to:

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np

    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8080/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8080/

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wp-error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/wp-access.log combined

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np/fullchain.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np/privkey.pem
    Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
</VirtualHost>

• SSLEngine on → enables SSL for this VirtualHost.
• SSLCertificateFile → points to the public SSL certificate.
• SSLCertificateKeyFile → points to the private key (kept secure on your server).
• Include ... → applies recommended SSL security settings.

✅ Conclusion

By setting up Let’s Encrypt SSL with Apache, we:

• Encrypted all traffic (HTTPS).
• Improved SEO ranking (Google favors HTTPS sites).
• Gained user trust with the secure padlock icon.
• Automated certificate renewal for long-term hassle-free security.

Now your web application is hosted professionally with HTTPS at: 👉 https://wp.janakkumarshrestha0.com.np/

Thank You